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9-2014

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HF-Praxis 9/2014

RF & Wireless

RF & Wireless Short-range Low Power Wireless Devices and Internet of Things This paper discusses the topic of the “last 100 meters connectivity” in systems where small devices (such as various sensors) are connected to services on a widearea Internet network. Subject matters covered are the requirements on the “last 100 meters connectivity” vision as well as what wireless technologies would be suitable for future Internet of Things (IoT) use cases. Figure 1: Device Distribution in IoT predict a large growth within the next ten years. Figure 1 shows predictions of future connected devices done by companies like Ericsson and Cisco. The graph shows a growth of the personal devices such as phones, tablets, laptops, game consoles; however, this growth is limited by the number of people in the world. The real large growth is predicted from all other types of connected small devices in areas like home automation, smart energy, elderly care at home, transportation, asset tracking and many others. This growth is already underway, but most of the applications with Internet connected devices are today vertical, closed Figure 2: Applications as Vertical “Silos” This paper also presents the background to why connectBlue envision the “last 100 meters connectivity” is an important factor in the area of IoT and connectBlue’s view on the impact of IoT in general. Mats Anderson CTO, cconnect Blue www.connectblue.com Background IoT is a hot topic in which many important players in connectivity Figure 3 Wireless Technologies in the IoT Space! 46 hf-praxis 9/2014

RF & Wireless applications typically referred to as “silos”. The real impact of IoT will occur when data from the silos are combined to create complete new types of applications. This evolution will only be possible if the data from all the small devices are made available on the Internet. The data from the small devices combined with the new knowledge emerging in the area of “big data” will create the framework for many new types of applications. This progress will drive the growth of IoT. The question is how to infuse this progress when there are many different wireless technologies in the IoT atmosphere. Figure 3 lists the main shortrange international standards but there are many others (e.g. domain-specific standards within metering such as Wireless M-Bus and many others). Figure 4 The “Last 100 Meters” Focus on the “Last 100 Meters” Today, the devices used in the “last 100 meters” are typically not connected. The wide-area network is to a larger extent connected e.g. through smartphones, home routers (e.g. ADSL routers) and GSM/3G/4G Routers. The “last 100 meters” presents >90% of the potential, but how to achieve the connected vision is extremely diversified. Many different technologies compete in this space including international standards, domain-specific standards (used in one specific vertical) and many proprietary technologies. For IoT, a required feature of the chosen short-range technology is support for mobile use cases where a smartphone or other mobile device can be used as a temporary gateway. There are also some applications where the same IoT device (sensor) is used for both mobile AND fixed use cases (see figure 7). Some of the important drivers when selecting the appropriate short-range wireless technology for IoT use cases are the following: Requirements on “Last 100 Meters” Technology An architecture with a gateway that serves as an interface between the wide-area network (Internet) and the short-range network is required. • Cost of the radio technology: As many of the devices (sensors) are small low-cost devices, the radio must not add too much additional cost to the bill-of-material. This also implies that the radio and device application in many cases need to share the same Figure 5 Market Size and Technologies Figure 6 „Last 100 Meters“ Architecture hf-praxis 9/2014 47

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